Space

Moons — The Major Moons of the Solar System

The major moons of the solar system in one sortable table — the top 25 by size for Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus; every confirmed Neptunian moon; both Martian moons; Earth's Moon; and Pluto's Charon. Each row links to a per-moon page covering surface conditions, discovery, mission history, and the Greek / Roman / Shakespearean / Inuit / Norse naming conventions.

All major moons

Filter by planet
Name Parent Diameter (km) Period (d) Discovered Discoverer
Luna Earth 3475 27.32 prehistoric Known to all of humanity
Io Jupiter 3643 1.769 1610 Galileo Galilei
Europa Jupiter 3122 3.551 1610 Galileo Galilei
Ganymede Jupiter 5268 7.155 1610 Galileo Galilei
Callisto Jupiter 4821 16.689 1610 Galileo Galilei
Titan Saturn 5150 15.95 1655 Christiaan Huygens
Iapetus Saturn 1469 79.32 1671 Giovanni Domenico Cassini
Rhea Saturn 1527 4.518 1672 Giovanni Domenico Cassini
Tethys Saturn 1062 1.888 1684 Giovanni Domenico Cassini
Dione Saturn 1123 2.737 1684 Giovanni Domenico Cassini
Titania Uranus 1577 8.706 1787 William Herschel
Oberon Uranus 1523 13.46 1787 William Herschel
Mimas Saturn 396 0.942 1789 William Herschel
Enceladus Saturn 504 1.37 1789 William Herschel
Triton Neptune 2707 5.877 1846 William Lassell
Hyperion Saturn 270 21.28 1848 William Cranch Bond, George Phillips Bond, William Lassell
Ariel Uranus 1158 2.52 1851 William Lassell
Umbriel Uranus 1169 4.144 1851 William Lassell
Phobos Mars 22.4 0.319 1877 Asaph Hall
Deimos Mars 12.4 1.263 1877 Asaph Hall
Amalthea Jupiter 167 0.498 1892 Edward Emerson Barnard
Phoebe Saturn 213 550.6 1899 William Henry Pickering
Himalia Jupiter 139 250.6 1904 Charles Dillon Perrine
Elara Jupiter 79 259.6 1905 Charles Dillon Perrine
Pasiphae Jupiter 60 743.6 1908 Philibert Jacques Melotte
Sinope Jupiter 38 758.9 1914 Seth Barnes Nicholson
Lysithea Jupiter 36 259.2 1938 Seth Barnes Nicholson
Carme Jupiter 47 734.2 1938 Seth Barnes Nicholson
Miranda Uranus 471 1.413 1948 Gerard P. Kuiper
Nereid Neptune 340 360.13 1949 Gerard P. Kuiper
Ananke Jupiter 28 629.8 1951 Seth Barnes Nicholson
Janus Saturn 179 0.695 1966 Audouin Dollfus
Leda Jupiter 22 240.9 1974 Charles T. Kowal
Themisto Jupiter 8 130 1975, 2000 Charles Kowal & Elizabeth Roemer (1975); rediscovered 2000
Charon Pluto (dwarf planet) 1212 6.387 1978 James W. Christy
Metis Jupiter 43 0.295 1979 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Adrastea Jupiter 16 0.298 1979 David C. Jewitt (Voyager 2)
Thebe Jupiter 98 0.675 1979 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 1)
Atlas Saturn 30 0.602 1980 Richard Terrile (Voyager 1)
Prometheus Saturn 86 0.613 1980 Stewart A. Collins (Voyager 1)
Pandora Saturn 81 0.629 1980 Stewart A. Collins (Voyager 1)
Epimetheus Saturn 116 0.694 1980 John Fountain & Stephen Larson
Telesto Saturn 24 1.888 1980 Bradford A. Smith et al.
Calypso Saturn 21 1.888 1980 Daniel J. Pascu, P. Kenneth Seidelmann et al.
Helene Saturn 36 2.737 1980 Pierre Laques & Jean Lecacheux
Puck Uranus 162 0.762 1985 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Cordelia Uranus 40 0.335 1986 Richard J. Terrile (Voyager 2)
Ophelia Uranus 43 0.376 1986 Richard J. Terrile (Voyager 2)
Bianca Uranus 51 0.435 1986 Bradford A. Smith (Voyager 2)
Cressida Uranus 80 0.464 1986 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Desdemona Uranus 64 0.474 1986 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Juliet Uranus 94 0.494 1986 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Portia Uranus 135 0.513 1986 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Rosalind Uranus 72 0.558 1986 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Belinda Uranus 90 0.624 1986 Stephen P. Synnott (Voyager 2)
Perdita Uranus 30 0.638 1986 (found 1999) Erich Karkoschka (in Voyager 2 images)
Naiad Neptune 66 0.294 1989 Voyager 2 imaging team
Thalassa Neptune 82 0.311 1989 Voyager 2 imaging team
Despina Neptune 150 0.335 1989 Voyager 2 imaging team
Galatea Neptune 175 0.429 1989 Voyager 2 imaging team
Larissa Neptune 194 0.555 1989 Voyager 2 imaging team (Harold Reitsema observed 1981)
Proteus Neptune 420 1.122 1989 Voyager 2 imaging team
Pan Saturn 28 0.575 1990 Mark R. Showalter (Voyager 2 images)
Caliban Uranus 72 579.7 1997 Brett J. Gladman et al.
Sycorax Uranus 165 1288.3 1997 Philip D. Nicholson, Brett J. Gladman et al.
Callirrhoe Jupiter 9 758.8 1999 James Scotti et al.
Stephano Uranus 32 677.5 1999 Brett J. Gladman, Matthew J. Holman et al.
Prospero Uranus 50 1978.3 1999 Matthew J. Holman, John J. Kavelaars et al.
Setebos Uranus 47 2225.2 1999 John J. Kavelaars et al.
Harpalyke Jupiter 4 624.5 2000 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Praxidike Jupiter 7 625.3 2000 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Iocaste Jupiter 5 631.5 2000 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Erinome Jupiter 3.2 724.4 2000 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Taygete Jupiter 5 732.4 2000 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Kalyke Jupiter 5 743 2000 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Megaclite Jupiter 5 752.9 2000 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Kiviuq Saturn 16 449.2 2000 Brett J. Gladman et al.
Paaliaq Saturn 22 686.9 2000 Brett J. Gladman et al.
Albiorix Saturn 32 783.5 2000 Matthew J. Holman
Tarvos Saturn 15 944.2 2000 John J. Kavelaars et al.
Siarnaq Saturn 40 895.5 2000 Brett J. Gladman et al.
Ymir Saturn 18 1315.4 2000 Brett J. Gladman et al.
Francisco Uranus 22 266.6 2001 Matthew J. Holman et al.
Trinculo Uranus 18 749.2 2001 Matthew J. Holman et al.
Ferdinand Uranus 20 2823.4 2001 Matthew J. Holman et al.
Halimede Neptune 62 1879.7 2002 Matthew J. Holman et al.
Sao Neptune 44 2912.7 2002 Matthew J. Holman et al.
Laomedeia Neptune 42 3171.3 2002 Matthew J. Holman et al.
Neso Neptune 60 9740.7 2002 Matthew J. Holman et al.
Margaret Uranus 20 1694.8 2003 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Psamathe Neptune 40 9128.7 2003 Scott S. Sheppard et al.
Daphnis Saturn 8 0.594 2005 Cassini Imaging Science Team
Hippocamp Neptune 17 0.95 2013 Mark R. Showalter (Hubble Space Telescope)
S/2002 N 5 Neptune 23 3169.6 2021 Scott S. Sheppard et al. (announced 2024)
S/2021 N 1 Neptune 14 9750 2021 Scott S. Sheppard et al. (announced 2024)

Click any column header to sort. The default sort is by discovery year, oldest first — Earth's Moon (known since prehistory) leads, then the rest in the order they were found. The roster covers the top 25 moons by size for Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus; all 16 confirmed Neptunian moons; both Martian moons; Earth's Moon; and Pluto's Charon as the explicit dwarf-planet exception.

About the data

Diameter, mass, and orbital parameters from JPL Solar System Dynamics — Physical Parameters and JPL Satellite Discovery Circumstances. Naming from the IAU Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature.